Operator Reference

HALCON Operator Reference / Filters / Inpainting
ClassesClasses | | Operators

inpainting_mcfinpainting_mcfInpaintingMcfInpaintingMcfinpainting_mcf (Operator)

inpainting_mcfinpainting_mcfInpaintingMcfInpaintingMcfinpainting_mcf — Perform an inpainting by smoothing of level lines.

Signature

inpainting_mcf(Image, Region : InpaintedImage : Sigma, Theta, Iterations : )

Herror inpainting_mcf(const Hobject Image, const Hobject Region, Hobject* InpaintedImage, double Sigma, double Theta, const Hlong Iterations)

Herror T_inpainting_mcf(const Hobject Image, const Hobject Region, Hobject* InpaintedImage, const Htuple Sigma, const Htuple Theta, const Htuple Iterations)

void InpaintingMcf(const HObject& Image, const HObject& Region, HObject* InpaintedImage, const HTuple& Sigma, const HTuple& Theta, const HTuple& Iterations)

HImage HImage::InpaintingMcf(const HRegion& Region, double Sigma, double Theta, Hlong Iterations) const

static void HOperatorSet.InpaintingMcf(HObject image, HObject region, out HObject inpaintedImage, HTuple sigma, HTuple theta, HTuple iterations)

HImage HImage.InpaintingMcf(HRegion region, double sigma, double theta, int iterations)

def inpainting_mcf(image: HObject, region: HObject, sigma: float, theta: float, iterations: int) -> HObject

Description

The operator inpainting_mcfinpainting_mcfInpaintingMcfInpaintingMcfinpainting_mcf extends the image edges that adjoin the region RegionRegionRegionregionregion of the input image ImageImageImageimageimage into the interior of RegionRegionRegionregionregion and connects their ends by smoothing the level lines of the gray value function of ImageImageImageimageimage.

This happens through the application of the mean curvature flow or intrinsic heat equation on the gray value function u defined in the region RegionRegionRegionregionregion by the input image ImageImageImageimageimage at a time . The discretized equation is solved in IterationsIterationsIterationsiterationsiterations time steps of length ThetaThetaThetathetatheta, so that the output image InpaintedImageInpaintedImageInpaintedImageinpaintedImageinpainted_image contains the gray value function at the time .

A stationary state of the mean curvature flow equation, which is also the basis of the operator mean_curvature_flowmean_curvature_flowMeanCurvatureFlowMeanCurvatureFlowmean_curvature_flow, has the special property that the level lines of u all have the curvature 0. This means that after sufficiently many iterations there are only straight edges left inside the computation area of the output image InpaintedImageInpaintedImageInpaintedImageinpaintedImageinpainted_image. By this, the structure of objects inside of RegionRegionRegionregionregion can be simplified, while the remaining edges are continuously connected to those of the surrounding image matrix. This allows for a removal of image errors and unwanted objects in the input image, a so called image inpainting, which is only weakly visible to a human beholder since there remain no obvious artifacts or smudges.

To detect the image direction more robustly, in particular on noisy input data, an additional isotropic smoothing step can precede the computation of the gray value gradients. The parameter SigmaSigmaSigmasigmasigma determines the magnitude of the smoothing by means of the standard deviation of a corresponding Gaussian convolution kernel, as used in the operator isotropic_diffusionisotropic_diffusionIsotropicDiffusionIsotropicDiffusionisotropic_diffusion for isotropic image smoothing.

Attention

Note that filter operators may return unexpected results if an image with a reduced domain is used as input. Please refer to the chapter Filters.

Execution Information

  • Multithreading type: reentrant (runs in parallel with non-exclusive operators).
  • Multithreading scope: global (may be called from any thread).
  • Automatically parallelized on tuple level.
  • Automatically parallelized on channel level.

Parameters

ImageImageImageimageimage (input_object)  (multichannel-)image(-array) → objectHImageHObjectHObjectHobject (byte / uint2 / real)

Input image.

RegionRegionRegionregionregion (input_object)  region → objectHRegionHObjectHObjectHobject

Inpainting region.

InpaintedImageInpaintedImageInpaintedImageinpaintedImageinpainted_image (output_object)  image(-array) → objectHImageHObjectHObjectHobject * (byte / uint2 / real)

Output image.

SigmaSigmaSigmasigmasigma (input_control)  real → HTuplefloatHTupleHtuple (real) (double) (double) (double)

Smoothing for derivative operator.

Default: 0.5

Suggested values: 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0

Restriction: Sigma >= 0

ThetaThetaThetathetatheta (input_control)  real → HTuplefloatHTupleHtuple (real) (double) (double) (double)

Time step.

Default: 0.5

Suggested values: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5

Restriction: 0 < Theta <= 0.5

IterationsIterationsIterationsiterationsiterations (input_control)  integer → HTupleintHTupleHtuple (integer) (int / long) (Hlong) (Hlong)

Number of iterations.

Default: 10

Suggested values: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500

Restriction: Iterations >= 1

Alternatives

harmonic_interpolationharmonic_interpolationHarmonicInterpolationHarmonicInterpolationharmonic_interpolation, inpainting_ctinpainting_ctInpaintingCtInpaintingCtinpainting_ct, inpainting_anisoinpainting_anisoInpaintingAnisoInpaintingAnisoinpainting_aniso, inpainting_cedinpainting_cedInpaintingCedInpaintingCedinpainting_ced, inpainting_textureinpainting_textureInpaintingTextureInpaintingTextureinpainting_texture

References

M. G. Crandall, P. Lions; “Convergent Difference Schemes for Nonlinear Parabolic Equations and Mean Curvature Motion”; Numer. Math. 75 pp. 17-41; 1996.
G. Aubert, P. Kornprobst; “Mathematical Problems in Image Processing”; Applied Mathematical Sciences 147; Springer, New York; 2002.

Module

Foundation

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